Kidney cancer and military service: What you need to know

Michael Bartlett

By Michael Bartlett

Posted on April 15th, 2025

Aside from lifestyle and hereditary factors, service members have a higher risk of developing kidney cancer than the general population because of constant exposure to toxic chemicals during their time in the military. The PACT Act has recognized kidney cancer as a presumptive condition, enabling service members to claim disability compensation.

Each year, the Veterans Affairs (VA) records around 56,000 veterans diagnosed with cancer. Because of their unique circumstances, service members have an increased risk of developing various forms of cancer, including kidney cancer.

Studies linking military service to kidney cancer

The Kidney Cancer Association estimates that 50% of veterans are more likely to face this life-threatening disease compared to the general population. Many studies have shown a link between military service and kidney cancer risk.

One of them discovered how veterans exposed to Agent Orange may develop renal cell carcinoma, the most common type of kidney cancer. Agent Orange is a type of pesticide primarily used to help the American military build bases and other installations in Vietnam.

Recent studies looked into how service members might develop kidney cancer after prolonged exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). PFOA is a known human carcinogen and part of the PFAS group, which stands for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. Researchers at the National Cancer Institute found that PFOA exposure can increase the risk of developing kidney cancer. PFAS is the main ingredient in Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF). For their part, the VA announced its plans to conduct its own research to examine the connection between PFAS and kidney cancer.

Kidney cancer: A silent killer

Kidney diseases, including kidney cancer, are among the leading causes of death in the United States. Worse, about 9 out of 10 adults do not know they suffer from them. Early detection is key for improving prognosis and creating effective treatment plans. This is especially important for veterans showing symptoms or having a history of toxic exposure during service. Some of the possible signs of kidney cancer are:

  • Hematuria or blood in the urine
  • Anemia
  • Fever that does not go away and is caused by an infection
  • Pain on one side of the lower back
  • A lump or mass on the lower back or side
  • Weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Appetite loss

File you kidney cancer claim with the help of ELG Law

If you or someone you know suffers from kidney cancer, with our help, you can file your VA claim right away. This helps ensure you get the medical care and compensation you need if you meet the eligibility criteria. We're also here to lend you assistance if you need expert guidance in the entire process of filing your claim. Since 1990, our team of attorneys has provided legal support to dozens of service members, ensuring they get the benefits and disability pay they deserve.